医用植介入体至少包含两类重要的生物力学问题:一是其自身结构的强度等生物力学问题,二是与宿主之间的相互作用;二者对于其成败都非常重要。增材制造技术(3D打印)为个性化植入假体的应用推广带来希望,个性化植入假体具有巨大的临床和市场需求。然而,个性化植入假体设计与临床应用仍有亟待解决的科学和关键技术问题,现有的临床案例主要考虑基于解...
Genetically-encoded biosensors based on fluorescence proteins(FPs)and fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)have enabled the specific targeting and visualization of signaling events in live cells with high spatiotemporal resolutions.Single-molecule FRET biosensors have been successfully developed to monitor the...
Introduction The endothelial cells(ECs)lining every blood vessel wall constantly expose to the mechanical forces generated by the blood flow.The EC responses to these hemodynamic forces play a critical role in the homeostasis of the circulatory system.In addition to forming a transport barrier between the blood and v...
血管新生是指血管内皮细胞在原有的血管基础上通过出芽、迁移和增殖等方式形成新的毛细血管网络。随后,为了进一步适应组织器官的氧和营养的需要,整个血管网络会进行血管重塑,在此过程中会选择性地修剪一些局部的毛细血管,进而成熟为具有明确分级的功能化的血管网络结构,这一过程叫做血管修剪(vascular pruning)[1-2]。越来越多的文献报道血流动...
The immune response is orchestrated by a variety of immune cells,the function of which then is determined by the collective signals from different immunoreceptors.Recent studies have highlighted the presence of mechanical force on these receptor-ligand pairs and its important role in regulating antigen recognition/di...
It is known that mechanical forces play critical roles in physiology and diseases but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown[1].Most studies on the role of forces focus on cell surface molecules and cytoplasmic proteins.However,increasing evidence suggests that nuclear mechanotransduction impacts nuclear ac...
Bone modeling and remodeling are governed by distinct biochemical processes that may hold unique opportunities for optimizing bone mass[1,2].Remodeling refers to the coupled resorption and subsequent formation on the bone surface,while modeling represents uncoupled formation or resorption.Mechanical loading is known ...
Pulsed electric field has been used widely as a nonviral approach to improving gene delivery in basic and translational research[1-2].The technique has been called electrotransfection(ET),electroporation,electrogene transfer,and gene electroinjection in the literature [1,3].It has a great potential to improve clinica...
Cell reprograming technologies have broad applications in cell therapy,disease modeling and drug screening.Direct reprogramming is the process of converting from one cell type into a very distantly related cell type.In this direct conversion process,cells do not proceed through a pluripotent stage,which can be time-c...
The dynamic behaviors of collective cells play a significant role in many physiological and pathological processes,e.g.,embryonic development and cancer metastasis.In this talk,theoretical models,numerical simulations,and experimental measurements are combined to investigate the dynamics of collective cells[1-5].Firs...
Atherosclerosis or fibrosis and cirrhosis undergo chronic inflammation associated with the adhesion between neutrophils and endothelial cells(ECs)that is mediated by their respective cellular adhesive molecules on stiffened blood vessel wall or extracellular matrix(ECM)under shear flow[1-3].However,the mechanical dep...
Introduction Trabeculae carneae are irregular structures that cover the endocardial surfaces of both ventricles of human heart and account for a significant portion of the ventricular mass.However,the role of trabeculae carneae in left ventricular(LV)function is not well understood.Previous reports suggested that tra...
Vascular remodeling is the essential pathogenic process of various cardiovascular disorders,including hypertension,atherosclerosis,stroke,and restenosis after vein graft.The main characterization of vascular remodeling is abnormal variations of vascular cell phenotype,morphological structure and functions such as mig...
Introduction Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM),a malignant brain tumor,is highly invasive and use brain microvessels to migrate and invade.Studying the perivascular invasion/migration of GBM may enable new possibilities in GBM therapy.However,the lack proper 3D study models that recapitulate GBM hallmarks restricts invest...
Collective cell groups are organized to form specific patterns that play an important role in various physiological and pathological processes,such as tissue morphogenesis,wound healing,and cancer invasion.Compared to the behaviors of single cells that have been studied intensively from many aspects(cell migration,ad...
Early human embryonic development remains mysterious due to drastic species divergences between humans and othermammalian models and limited accessibility to human embryo samples. Recent studies from my laboratory and others haveshown that under suitable culture conditions human pluripotent stem cells ( hPSCs) can un...
背景恶性肿瘤是威胁人类健康和生命的重大疾病之一。传统临床手术、放疗及化疗治疗手段仍存在诸多缺陷,如易复发、无靶向特异性、多药耐药性及严重毒副作用等。纳米颗粒药物载体由于其独特的增强渗透性和滞留性(EPR)效应,在提高抗肿瘤药物生物利用率、增强疗效以及减少毒副作用方面发挥着重要作用[1]。智能药物递送系统一般以纳米颗粒为药物载体...
Osteoporosis and osteopenia are major health issues that mainly affect elderly people,women after menopause and immobilized patients.Our previous studies have proved that sclerostin antibody(Scl-Ab)can dramatically enhance bone formation and reduce bone resorption in a severe osteoporosis rat model with the combinati...
当今人口老龄化现象日益显著,骨质疏松、骨质增生等骨退变疾病是中老年群体的常见病、多发病。2018年10月国家卫健委的调查结果显示,我国65岁以上人群骨质疏松症患病率高达32.0%;50岁以上人群低骨量率为46.4%。骨质疏松最严重的后果是骨折。骨折的原因是骨的强度/刚度降低,不足以承担外部载荷。临床上常用的评价骨强度的方法是双能X线骨密度仪测...
Bone is able to adapt its composition and structure in order to suit its mechanical environment.Osteocytes,bone cells embedded in the calcified matrix,are believed to be the mechanosensors and responsible for orchestrating the bone remodeling process[1].However,detailed cellular and molecular mechanism underlying ost...
The immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment.However,not all cancer types are susceptible to this therapy.Even in melanoma,one of the best scenario,about half of the patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade.Since CD8+T cell is the main driving force behind cancer elimination,then ha...
Cells in vivo are in a three-dimensional(3D)complicated microenvironment composed of various biological,physical and chemical cues.Although it is well accepted that biological and chemical cues can significantly influence cell functions,more and more evidence has also shown that physical cues are also vital.Using tod...
CD8+T细胞主要通过T细胞表面受体(T cell recep tor,TCR)识别并与Ⅰ型主要组织性复合物提呈的抗原(pMHC-Ⅰ)相互作用[1]。TCR对刺激型抗原的识别在CD8+T细胞毒性和适应性免疫中发挥着关键作用。许多证据表明机械力可以延长TCR与刺激性pMHC作用的键合时间(bond lifetime)形成抗原特异性逆锁键(catch bond)[2],并且这种逆锁键对抗原识别非常重要。...
The interaction between the cell membrane and the extracellular matrix is crucial for many cellular functions by modulating mechanosensitive signaling pathways.Physical properties of the extracellular matrix such as stiffness and topography affect such interactions.Our recent work reveals that surface topography of t...
Cell and Tissue Engineering provides exciting opportunities for studying development and Disease.In this talk,we will focus on cell chirality,also known as handedness and left-right(LR)asymmetry,which is an intrinsic capability of the cell telling left from right(1)The development of the vertebrate body plan with lef...
The brain tumor perivascular niche(PVN),the region in the vicinity of microvessels is a prime location for brain tumor stem-like cells(BTSCs)[1].Tumor microvasculature creates a complex microenvironment consisting of various cell types,the extracellular matrix,and soluble factors that mediate cell-cell interaction.Th...
心血管疾病是危害人类生命健康最严重的疾病之一,其巨额的防治费用成为家庭、社会和国家的沉重负担。心血管生物力学领域的研究不仅对于揭示正常血液循环的机理,认识血管生长、衰老的自然规律,而且对于阐明心血管疾病的发病机理以及提供诊断与防治的一些基本原理包括心血管新型药物和新技术的研发都将有重要的理论和实际意义。我课题组的研究方...
Perlecan,a heparan sulfate proteoglycan,acts as a mechanical sensor for bone to detect external loading.Deficiency of perlecan increases the risk of osteoporosis in patients with Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome(SJS)and attenuates loading4nduced bone formation in perlecan deficient mice(Hypo).Considering that intracellular c...
水是生命之源,细胞内部的各种生化过程都离不开水分子的参与,而细胞体积的变化会直接改变细胞内水分子含量,进而影响细胞内蛋白质的水化。蛋白质以及与蛋白质结合的水分子占据了很大一部分细胞内空间,留给自由水分子的空间是非常有限的。因此,即便是很小比例的细胞内水分子的损失或增加也会极大的影响蛋白质功能和细胞的正常活动。细胞体积调控...
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