摘要：目的 探讨鼻咽癌的误诊、误治原因,从中吸取经验教训,减少误诊,提高诊断符合率.方法 对16例鼻咽癌误诊患者的临床资料进行综合分析,并讨论其误诊原因及防范措施.结果 误诊时间2～10个月,确诊前就诊次数3～7次,误诊疾病主要有:颈部淋巴结炎及淋巴结核8例(50%),分泌性中耳炎5例(31.3%),血管神经性头痛1例(6.3%),鼻中隔偏曲1例(6.3%),腺样体残留1例(6.3%).误诊病例病理诊断主要为低分化癌12例(75%),未分化癌3例(18.8%).结论 该病误诊的主要原因为医源性误诊,占87.5%,其次为患者自误,占12.5%.因此,临床各科医师都应提高对鼻咽癌的认识,特别是耳鼻咽喉科医师,更应从中吸取经验教训,减少误诊,提高早期诊断率和治愈率. Abstract： Objective To study the causes of erroneous diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, in order to decrease erroneous diagnosis,draw a lesson and improve diagnostic accurancy.Methods Statistical analysic on clinical material(16 cases)of erroneous diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Studying the cause of erroneous diagnosis and the methed of prevention.Results Time of erroneous diagnosis was 2 - 10 months.Times of erroneous diagnosis was 3 - 7.Diseases of erroneous diagnosis was:Cervical adenitis & cervical lymphoid tuberculin 8 cases(50%), secretory otitis media 5 cases(31.3%), angioneurotic headache 1 case(6.3%),deflection of nasal septum 1 case(6.3%),adenoid vegetation lasted 1 case(6.3%).Major erroneous diagnosis of clincopathological features ,hypodifferentiated carcinoma 12 cases(75%),undifferentiated carcinoma,3 cases(18.8%).Conclusions The first cause of erroneous diagnosis is from doctors(87.5%),the second is mistaked by patients(18.5%).So we ought to enhance recognition for it in order to decrease erroneous diagnosis,draw a lesson and improve diagnostic accurancy and cure rate.

关键词：鼻咽癌 误诊误治 原因分析 nasopharyngeal carcinoma 

单位：新乡医学院第三附属医院耳鼻咽喉科 河南新乡 453003 河南宏力医院耳鼻咽喉科